Environment and Ecology Notes
- Ecological Hierarchy
- Scope of Ecology
- Habitat & Ecological Niche
- Ecological Principles
- Ecological Community
- Ecosystem Definitions
- Functions and Properties of Ecosystem
- The Structure/Components of Ecosystem
- Ecosystem Dynamics
- Parts of a Biogeochemical Cycle
- Types of Biogeochemical Cycle
- Biome
- Grasslands
- Tundra
- Deserts
- Mountain Biome
- Aquatic Ecosystems
- Ramsar Convention
- Extent and Distribution of Wetlands in India
- The Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017
- Important Kinds of Biodiversity
- Different types species (Endemic species, Keystone species etc. )
- Bioinformatics
- Biodiversity Distribution
- State of Global Biodiversity
- Threats to Biodiversity
- Role of Traditional Knowledge in Biodiversity
- Biopiracy
- Extinction of Species
- IUCN Red-List of Threatened Species
- Level of Biodiversity in India
- Biogeographical Classification of India
- Man- Animal Conflict
- Ex-situ and In-situ Conservation
- Seed Banks
- Botanical Gardens
- Protected Areas
- State of Protected Areas in the World
- UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB)
- Characteristics of Biosphere Reserves
- International Agreements for Biodiversity Conservation
- Important Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Areas of India
- Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of India
- Global Tiger Initiative
- Project Tiger
- Recovery Programme for Critically Endangered Species
- Use of Indigenous Knowledge for Conserving Biodiversity
- Seed Village
- India-Brazil Relations
- Factors Behind Deforestation
- Consequences of Deforestation in Relation to Climate Change
- Impact of Deforestation on India’s Wildlife
- Effects of Deforestation on the Indian Monsoon
- Deforestation’s Role in Erosion of Water and Soil Resources and Flooding
- Economic Ramifications
- Approaches to Mitigate Deforestation
- Government Initiatives for Forest Preservation
- Laws for Forest Conservation with Community Involvement
- Measures to Enhance Community Engagement in Forest Resource Management
- Utilization of Local Traditional Techniques
- Government Body which Executes EIA
- Environmental Effects Analysed under EIA
- Process of EIA
- EIA Ruling 1984
- Greenhouse Gases and Greenhouse Effects
- Global warming and its potential
- Ozone depletion
- Ocean Acidification and Rising Sea Level
- India and Climate Change: Agriculture and Food Security, Water Stress, Sea, Level, Rise, Ecosystem and Biodiversity, Health
- Carbon Mitigation Strategies: Carbon Sequestration Carbon Credit and Offsetting, Carbon Tax, and Geo-Engineering
- Climate Change in India
- NAFCC
- Indian Network on Climate Change Assessment
- NATCOM
- Green Building
- Griha
- IPCC and IPCC Reports
- UNFCCC and Important Conference of Parties
- Kyoto Protocol and Other Developments
- REDD and REDD+
- Global Environment Facilities
- Climate Smart Agriculture
- National Green House Gas Inventories Programme
- Green Economy, Climate Finance, and Other Global Initiatives
- Causes and Impact of Land Degradation
- Desertification
- Sustainable Land Management
- Soil Erosion
- Problems due to Excessive Irrigation
- Soil Conservation
- Causes of Air Pollution
- Harmful Effects of Common Air Pollutants
- Control of Air Pollution
- Effects of Marine Pollution
- Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011
- Sources and Types of Water Pollution
- Effects of Water Pollution
- Water Quality Standards
- Control of Water Pollution
- Sources and Effects of Thermal Pollution
- Control of Thermal Pollution
- Effects of Mining on Environment
- Concept of Sustainable Mining
- Acts to regulate the adverse effects of Mining Activities
- Other Pollution
- Effects of Noise Pollution on Human Health
- Harmful Effects from Biological Contaminants
- Harmful Effects of Radioactive Pollution
- Nuclear Accidents
- Waste Management
- Solid Waste Management
- Salient features of SWM Rules, 2016
- Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2025
- E-waste Management
- Pollutants and their Health Impacts
- Importance of the E-Waste Management
- E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016
- Biomedical Waste
- Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
- Hazardous Waste
- Hazardous Waste Treatment
- Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016
- WHO
- ILO
- UNICEF
- International Solar Alliance (ISA)
- Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
- Arctic Council
- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
- Collective Security Treaty Organization
- UNEP
- UNDP
- UNCED
- UNCBD
- UNCCD
- WWF for Nature
- IUCN – Red List
- Birdlife International
- CITES
- TRAFFIC
- CMS
- Stockholm Convention
- Basel Convention
- Rotterdam Convention
- Vienna Convention
- Montreal Protocol
- Kigali Agreement
- Minamata Convention
- Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)
- Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) 1972
- Environment Protection Act (EPA) 1986
- National Forest Policy, 1988
- Biological Diversity Act, 2002
- FRA 2006
- CRZ
- The Ozone Depleting Substances Rules
- Organisations, their Origin, and various initiatives taken
- Animal Welfare Board
- Central Zoo Authority
- National Biodiversity Authority
- Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
- Crop and its Classification
- Cropping Systems and Patterns, Types of Farming System
- Various Tillage Operations
- Sustainable Agriculture, and its Components Organic Farming and Natural Farming
- Integrated Farming System
- Soil and its characteristics